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Citation
Database: PsycINFO
[
Journal Article
]
Effects of background music on phonological short-term memory.
Salamé, Pierre; Baddeley, Alan D.
The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology, Vol 41(1-A), Feb 1989, 107-122.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14640748908402355
Abstract
- Studied the effects of music on the serial recall of sequences of 9 digits presented visually. Exp 1 with 44 undergraduates compared the effects of unattended vocal or instrumental music with quiet and showed that both types of music disrupted short-term memory performance, with vocal music being more disruptive than instrumental music. Exp 2 attempted to replicate this result in more highly trained Ss (24 male 25–40 yr old Ss). Vocal music caused significantly more disruption than instrumental music, which was not significantly worse than the silent control condition. Exp 3 (24 female undergraduates) compared instrumental music with unattended speech and with noise modulated in amplitude, the degree of modulation being the same as in speech. Both the noise condition and silence proved less disruptive than instrumental music, which was in turn less disruptive than the unattended speech condition. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)