Semler, I. J., & Iscoe, I. (1963). Comparative and developmental study of the learning abilities of Negro and white children under 4 conditions. Journal of Educational Psychology, 54(1), 38-44.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0045536
Object pairs and picture pairs of these same objects in conceptually similar or dissimilar sets provided 4 experimental conditions for comparing paired-associate learning of 135 Negro Ss with 141 white Ss across age levels 5 through 9 years. Despite significantly lower Full Scale WISC IQs (p < .001), the analysis of variance showed that differences in paired-associate learning favoring white Ss at younger age levels disappeared by 9 years of age (p < .05) with no race difference when the age factor was disregarded. Race differences in IQ were greatest at 5 years, however, negligible correlations were obtained between learning and IQ for both races (.094 and .189). Associating object pairs on conceptually similar sets was easiest and picture pairs in dissimilar sets most difficult for both races (p < .001). (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)