Newman, S. E., Suggs, R. E., & Averitt, C. H. (1974). Use of Rule 1 and Rule 2 in verbal discrimination training. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 102(3), 531-533.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0035881
Describes 2 experiments with undergraduates (N = 100). During verbal discrimination training, each S in Exp I was told on study trials which item of each pair was right or wrong. Appropriateness of Rule 1 (select the more frequent item of the pair) and Rule 2 (select the less frequent item of the pair) was manipulated by having S designate on test trials the same item of the pair designated by E on study trials (Rule 1 thus being the more appropriate or the other item of the pair (Rule 2 being the more appropriate). In Exp II, appropriateness of Rules 1 and 2 was manipulated by having S designate on the test the same item of the pair E had instructed him to learn during study trials or the other item. In both experiments, performance during training was better for Ss for whom the use of Rule 1 was the more appropriate. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)