Goggin, J., & Riley, D. A. (1974). Maintenance of interference in short-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 102(6), 1027-1034.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0036368
Examined the nature of facilitation and interference effects within the Brown-Peterson paradigm. 384 introductory psychology students were 1st given a block of 3 tests on items from a single taxonomic category. The sequence of events thereafter was dictated by (a) the similarity relationship between a subsequent block of items and Block-1 items (i.e., same category-same items, same category-different items, or different category); (b) the time interval between Block 1 and a subsequent block of interest (i.e., immediate vs delayed presentation); and (c) whether the interval in delayed presentation conditions was filled with a memory task or with rest. Recall was best when items were repeated, worst with different items from the same category, and intermediate when the category changed. A rest delay improved recall in all conditions relative both to no delay and to a delay filled with work. A differentiation hypothesis was used to account for these results. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)