Abnormal reactions and psychopathic personalities.

Citation

Kantor, J. R. (1926). Abnormal reactions and psychopathic personalities. In J. R. Kantor, Principles of psychology, Vol. 2, pp. 452-509). Bloomington, IN, US: Principia Press.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10620-015

Abstract

An almost inevitable concurrence with the fact of extreme variability in human behavior is the presence of reactional abnormality and psychopathological personalities. Concomitant with the circumstance that no two people are precisely alike or perform exactly the same sorts of reactions there exists the fact that some individuals and their reactions are beyond the range of desirable or reactionally effective limits. Let us recall that all human actions are dependent upon so many specific factors that they differ enormously in various particulars. At the source of this variability lies of course the fact of individual differences in personality equipment. No two people, as we have seen in our study of personality, can have precisely the same set of reactional equipments. Furthermore, for the same individuals particular contacts with immediate surrounding conditions are fraught with a great many possibilities of reactional variations. Now it is these constant variations in reactional performance that lead us to envisage the more compelling problems of abnormality. So extreme are such variations that there is much miscarriage and futility of behavior. Traditionally, the complete interest in and the handling of abnormal reactions of psychopathic personalities have been relegated to the physician. Probably the reasons for this circumstance are found in the fact that any difficulty or peculiarity of the person had to be studied and handled by those individuals in whose care lay the diseased and injured. A second contributing condition which is doubtless very closely related to the first is the fact that psychologists were interested in the analysis and description of mentalities. These so-called mentalities did not lend themselves readily to association with the kind of peculiarities exhibited by psychopathic individuals and their behavior. It is only in comparatively recent times that psychologists have been developing an interest in abnormal phenomena and primarily through the fact that physicians themselves have been forced to develop conceptions concerning the psychic (psychological?) origin and character of "mental diseases." in the present chapter we cannot go beyond the general principles of such abnormalities. We can furnish only suggestions concerning the conditions and circumstances operating when abnormal conduct is in question. Nothing else is possible without a concrete and intricate study of specific cases, specific abnormal individuals and their behavior. In the present chapter, then, we are concerned with the actual psychology of abnormality, with the psychological principles involved in the peculiar and undesirable (widely varying) behavior which makes for so much unhappiness and despair in human life. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)