Lichtenstein, B. W. (1949). Deformities and artefacts of the nervous system. In B. W. Lichtenstein, A textbook of neuropathology with clinical, anatomical, and technical supplements (pp. 351-360). Philadelphia, PA, US: W B Saunders Co.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/11210-012
This chapter focuses on deformities of the nervous system and artefacts of the nervous system. Deformities of the central nervous system result either from the exertion of an unnatural force within the craniovertebral space or from the destruction or degeneration of nervous parenchyma. Easy as it is to recognize the deformities developing in the adult, many of those which develop in utero are often confused with the malformations. As with all other morbid anatomic states, combinations may be seen and not infrequently a deformity developing during the formative period is combined with a malformation. The deformities, signifying as they do deviations from the normal in the configuration of a part, must be differentiated from two other changes, the malformations and the artefacts. The artefacts are generally the result of a postmortem change induced by anaerobic gas bacilli (swiss cheese brain) or defective removal. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)