Ross, C. C. (1941). The statistical analysis of test results. In C. C. Ross, Measurement in today's schools (pp. 225-264). New York, NY, US: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/13591-009
This chapter makes no pretense of being a complete treatment of statistical methods. It will attempt to present the minimum essentials only. The mathematics involved will not exceed that of sixth-grade arithmetic. The primary purposes of the chapter are two in number: 1. To develop in the pupil sufficient knowledge and skill to enable him to make the simple analyses of test scores that are essential to the intelligent interpretation and utilization of the results of measurement. 2. To give the pupil a vocabulary sufficient to enable him to read with understanding the extensive literature relating to measurement, much of it involving statistical terms, and to follow without difficulty or embarrassment the discussions at teachers' meetings and educational conferences of various kinds. A minimum of experience in computation is one of the best means of acquiring an adequate understanding of the terms and processes. In this chapter, the following topics are discussed: classification and tabulation; measures of average or central tendency; measures of variability or scatter; measures of relationship; and measures of error. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)