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http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/13567-016
You can't even boss a dog unless the dog has been trained to obey and has formed habits of responding to commands. And before you can boss him you must know what commands he will respond to. The famous Seeing-Eye dogs can do wonderful things to aid the blind, but both dog and master must first go through a period of training. Authority is not power. No amount of legal authority over the grizzly bears of British Columbia would enable you to get yourself obeyed by them out in the woods. Men can be commanded only after they have acquired habits of obeying, and after their leader has learned to give them the commands that make these habits work. All successful leadership thus depends on the habits of those who are to be led. The officer standing before his men is limited in the direct exercise of his authority by what the troops are able to get through their eyes and ears. And what the men do, in response to what they see and hear the officer do and say, is just exactly what their previous training and their previous experience with him insure that they will do. When authority is not obeyed, the fault may lie in the manner or speech of the leader or else it may be that the men are in need of basic training. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)