Hill, P. C., & Edwards, E. (2013). Measurement in the psychology of religiousness and spirituality: Existing measures and new frontiers. In K. I. Pargament, J. J. Exline, & J. W. Jones (Eds.), APA handbooks in psychology. APA handbook of psychology, religion, and spirituality (Vol. 1): Context, theory, and research (pp. 51-77). Washington, DC, US: American Psychological Association.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/14045-003
A primary purpose of this chapter is to provide brief reviews of reliable and valid measures of various aspects of religiousness and spirituality. Given the complexity of religiousness and spirituality, we classify the measures by several categories that fall under two general headings: substantive measures and functional measures. The chapter’s other purposes are covered by material that bookend the reviews. At the front end, the reader will find a consideration of general measurement issues as they relate specifically to religiousness and spirituality. There is a special focus on the need for cultural sensitivity, particularly as measures outside of the Judeo–Christian context are being developed. At the back end, suggestions on how to improve measures are provided. We use both the terms religiousness and spirituality in this chapter. Our choice of term depends largely on the particular construct that represents the focus of measurement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)